Python performance optimization is the practice of making your code run faster. You find the bottleneck first, then fix only what’s slow, starting with algorithms and data structures before reaching for concurrency or C extensions. You’ve written a Python script that works perfectly until you run it...

The narration in this course is an AI-generated clone of Stephen Gruppetta’s voice, used with Stephen’s consent. Python’s itertools module is one of the hidden gems of the standard library. Knowing the definitions of its functions isn’t enough, though. Its real power lies in composing those function...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of Generating Random Data in Python (Guide). By working through this quiz, you’ll revisit the difference between PRNGs and CSPRNGs, how seeding makes random data reproducible, and when to reach for random, numpy.random, os.urandom(), secrets, or uuid. [ I...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of Python Performance Optimization: A Practical Guide. By working through this quiz, you’ll revisit how to confirm a bottleneck with timeit, why a set beats a list for membership tests, how built-ins push work down into C, and when functools.cache is safe...

Turn your experience into a clear story that employers notice. Choose a target role, build a bank of honest achievement stories, curate proof of your skills, and write a CV that you can tailor for a new posting in about thirty minutes. Then practice outreach and interviews in guided mentor sessions,...

LangGraph is a versatile Python framework designed for stateful, cyclic, and multi-actor Large Language Model (LLM) applications. LangGraph builds on its parent library, LangChain, and allows you to build sophisticated workflows that can handle the complexities of real-world LLM applications. Throug...

With Claude Code skills, you can turn a docstring convention you keep re-explaining into instructions that Claude follows on its own. After working through this guide, you can write consistent Python docstrings with a reusable Claude Code skill. You’ll start with a single Markdown file in one projec...

Test your judgment on LinkedIn profiles, target company lists, networking, and outreach messages. These questions accompany the Get Noticed section of Tell Your Tech Career Story. [ Improve Your Python With 🐍 Python Tricks 💌 – Get a short & sweet Python Trick delivered to your inbox every couple of ...

Test your judgment on how CVs get read, what makes a bullet show impact, how to structure and tailor a CV, and when a cover letter earns its place. These questions accompany the Write a Tailored CV section of Tell Your Tech Career Story. [ Improve Your Python With 🐍 Python Tricks 💌 – Get a short & s...

Test your judgment on proof: what a reviewer can check, which projects should lead your portfolio, how to write them up, and what your GitHub profile says at first look. These questions accompany the Show Proof of Your Skills section of Tell Your Tech Career Story. [ Improve Your Python With 🐍 Pytho...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of Building an AI Agent With LangGraph and Python. The course builds an email-processing agent that reads an incoming email, decides which of its tools to call, and pulls structured details out of the message. A few questions below borrow code from that p...

Test your judgment on interview answers: which pitch ending works, what makes a behavioral answer strong, how to talk through a project honestly, and how to handle the hard questions. These questions accompany the interviews section of Tell Your Tech Career Story. [ Improve Your Python With 🐍 Python...

Test your judgment on hiring readers, job postings, achievement stories, honest results, and positioning statements. These questions accompany the Know Your Story section of Tell Your Tech Career Story. [ Improve Your Python With 🐍 Python Tricks 💌 – Get a short & sweet Python Trick delivered to your...

When you pair with Claude Code, some steps shouldn’t be left to chance, and Claude Code hooks are how you lock them in. You want a heads-up when it finishes a long task, a guarantee that it sticks to your project’s approved tools, and a promise that every edit is formatted to your code standards, wi...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of How to Automate Your Workflow With Claude Code Hooks. By working through this quiz, you’ll revisit the parts that make up a hook, the events that fire before and after a tool call, and the exit codes that let a hook block or redirect what Claude is abo...

Rounding numbers in Python is an essential task, especially when dealing with data precision. Python’s built-in round() function uses the rounding half to even strategy, which rounds numbers like 2.5 to 2 and 3.5 to 4. This method helps minimize rounding bias in datasets. To round numbers to specifi...

You already understand the purpose of Django migrations and you’re familiar with fundamental usage patterns like creating and applying migrations. In this tutorial, you’ll dig deeper into the migration system and take a peek at some of its underlying mechanics, from the Django migrations table to th...

Celery is a distributed task queue that processes tasks asynchronously, so slow work doesn’t hold up your web app’s response. When you integrate Celery with your Django application, you can offload time-consuming tasks and keep your users from waiting. With Celery and Django, you can handle jobs lik...

Since version 1.7, Django has come with built-in support for database migrations. In Django, database migrations usually go hand in hand with models: whenever you code up a new model, you also generate a migration to create the necessary table in the database. However, migrations can do much more. I...

Python’s mutable objects, such as lists and dictionaries, allow you to change their value or data directly without affecting their identity. In contrast, immutable objects, like tuples and strings, don’t allow in-place modifications. Instead, you’ll need to create new objects of the same type with d...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of Writing Comments in Python (Guide). By working through this quiz, you’ll revisit how to write comments and docstrings in Python, when comments help you and your teammates, and which kinds of comments to avoid, like W.E.T., smelly, and rude ones. [ Impr...

Instance, class, and static methods each serve a distinct role in Python, and knowing when to use one over another is key to writing clean, maintainable code. Instance methods operate on individual objects using self, while class methods use cls to access class-level data. Static methods, on the oth...

Before you can start building your Django web application, you need to set up your Django project. In this guide you’ll learn how to create a new Django project in four straightforward steps and only six commands: Step Description Command 1a Set up a virtual environment python -m venv .venv 1b Activ...

In this tutorial, you’ll be equipped to make production-quality, presentation-ready Python histogram plots with a range of choices and features. If you have introductory to intermediate knowledge in Python and statistics, then you can use this article as a one-stop shop for building and plotting his...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of Python’s .__call__() Method: Creating Callable Instances. By working through this quiz, you’ll revisit what makes an object callable, how to check whether an object is callable, how .__init__() and .__call__() differ, and how callable instances help yo...

Python exceptions provide a mechanism for handling errors that occur during the execution of a program. Unlike syntax errors, which are detected by the parser, Python raises exceptions when an error occurs in syntactically correct code. Knowing how to raise, catch, and handle exceptions effectively ...

What are common mistakes that Python beginners make, and how do you avoid them? Christopher Trudeau is back on the show this week with another batch of PyCoder's Weekly articles and projects. [ Improve Your Python With 🐍 Python Tricks 💌 – Get a short & sweet Python Trick delivered to your inbox ever...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of Profiling in Python: How to Find Performance Bottlenecks. By working through this quiz, you’ll revisit why you should profile before you optimize, how to measure real and CPU time with time and timeit, and how deterministic profilers like cProfile comp...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of PyQt Layouts: Create Professional-Looking GUI Applications. By working through this quiz, you’ll revisit how to arrange widgets with PyQt’s general-purpose layout managers, nest layouts, build multipage interfaces, and lay out main windows and dialogs....

We asked Gemini 4 Argon to draw a python reading a book using the turtle module. It’s one of five tasks in Real Python’s informal model comparison, which explores how models handle everyday Python work. Here’s the drawing from this run: Watch it drawShow/Hide New here? What the five tasks measureSho...