Python has something called wildcard imports, which look like from module import *. This type of import allows you to quickly get all the objects from a module into your namespace. However, using this import on a package can be confusing because it’s not clear what you want to import: subpackages, m...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of Managing Imports With Python’s __all__. By working through this quiz, you’ll revisit how wildcard imports work, what role the __all__ variable plays in modules and packages, and how to define a clean public API for your Python code. [ Improve Your Pyth...

Antigravity CLI is a terminal-based AI coding tool that brings Google’s agent assistance into your workflow. After installing it and signing in with your Google account, you can ask questions about your code, add new features, track down bugs, and even dispatch multiple subagents to work on separate...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of How to Use Google’s Antigravity CLI for AI Code Assistance. By working through this quiz, you’ll revisit how to install and authenticate the tool, prompt the agent to read and refactor your code, and review its work before it lands. You’ll also recall ...

Which is more important, the model or the "harness" around an LLM? What are ways to assemble an efficient agentic developer workflow? This week on the show, Ayan Pahwa joins us to discuss harnessing, web scraping, and self-hosting Python applications. [ Improve Your Python With 🐍 Python Tricks 💌 – G...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of A Guide to Excel Spreadsheets in Python With openpyxl. By working through this quiz, you’ll revisit how to read data from spreadsheets, create new workbooks, and work with cells, rows, and columns. You’ll also review adding formulas, styles, conditiona...

The Python lock file, pylock.toml, records exact dependencies your project needs so installs come out the same every time. It isn’t the first of its kind, though—most modern package tools already define their own lock formats. This has led to a fragmented landscape where reproducibility is often lim...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of Tool-Agnostic Python Lock Files With PEP 751 and pylock.toml. By working through these questions, you’ll revisit how to generate a pylock.toml with pip, what its wheel metadata and hashes give you, how it compares to requirements.txt, and how tools lik...

Learn FastAPI from the ground up. Build REST APIs, serve web pages with Jinja2 templates, and create a complete URL shortener project in Python. [ Improve Your Python With 🐍 Python Tricks 💌 – Get a short & sweet Python Trick delivered to your inbox every couple of days. >> Click here to learn more a...

Python’s built-in functions are predefined functions you can use anywhere in your code without any imports. They handle common tasks across math, data type creation, iterable processing, and input and output. Knowing which ones to reach for makes your code shorter and more Pythonic. In this video co...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of Exploring Python’s Built-in Functions. By working through these questions, you’ll revisit Python’s built-in functions for math, data types, iterables, and input and output, and you’ll sharpen your sense of when to reach for each one to write more Pytho...

In this quiz, you’ll revisit the core concepts covered in the FastAPI: Python API Development With Light Speed learning path: Learning Path FastAPI: Python API Development With Light Speed 5 Resources ⋅ Skills: FastAPI, REST APIs, Web Development, Jinja2 You’ll touch on installing and running FastAP...

The main data structure you’ll use in NumPy, Python’s core library for numerical computing, is the N-dimensional array. Sometimes you need to reorganize the values in a NumPy array into a different layout. That’s what NumPy’s reshape() is for. It changes an array’s shape without changing its data, s...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of Using NumPy reshape() to Change the Shape of an Array. By working through these questions, you’ll revisit how to reshape an array into a compatible shape, add or remove dimensions, and use the order parameter to control how NumPy rearranges your data. ...

How many attempts have been made to remove Python's Global Interpreter Lock (GIL)? How do they compare to the current approach? Christopher Trudeau is back on the show this week with another batch of PyCoder's Weekly articles and projects. [ Improve Your Python With 🐍 Python Tricks 💌 – Get a short &...

In this tutorial, you’ll write CLAUDE.md files for Claude Code that capture your Python workflow, project commands, and coding rules. You’ll create a global file for personal defaults, a project-level file for repository guidance, and one for local notes that shouldn’t be committed to version contro...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of How to Write a CLAUDE.md File for Claude Code. You’ll revisit how to split guidance across global, project-level, and local files, audit Claude Code for repeated mistakes, and decide what belongs in a project-level CLAUDE.md that captures the commands ...

Mixins offer a powerful way to reuse code across multiple Python classes without forcing them into a rigid inheritance hierarchy. Instead of building deep and brittle class trees, you can use mixins to share common behaviors in a modular and flexible way. Learn when and how to implement mixin classe...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of Understanding Mixin Classes in Python. By working through this quiz, you’ll revisit how to write reusable mixin classes, tell them apart from abstract base classes, and steer clear of common pitfalls. Mixins let you share behavior across unrelated clas...

LangGraph is a versatile Python framework designed for stateful, cyclic, and multi-actor Large Language Model (LLM) applications. LangGraph builds upon its parent library, LangChain, and allows you to build sophisticated workflows that can handle the complexities of real-world LLM applications. Thro...

By working through this quiz, you’ll revisit how to build LLM workflows and agents in LangGraph, and how LangGraph expands upon LangChain’s capabilities. [ Improve Your Python With 🐍 Python Tricks 💌 – Get a short & sweet Python Trick delivered to your inbox every couple of days. >> Click here to lea...

How can you improve your LLM agent systems through specification enrichment? What are the advantages of having an LLM act as a judge within an agent system? This week on the show, Senior IEEE Member and Quality Engineer Suneet Malhotra joins us to discuss building and evaluating agentic architecture...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of Build Enumerations of Constants With Python’s Enum. By working through this quiz, you’ll revisit how to create enumerations by subclassing Enum or using its functional API, how to access and compare members, and how specialized types like IntEnum and I...

When you work on a local Python project, tracking your changes with Git is a great way to maintain a history of your code. However, keeping your repository only on your computer leaves your work vulnerable to hardware failures and makes collaboration difficult. By learning how to use GitHub, you can...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of How to Use GitHub. By working through this quiz, you’ll revisit the core workflow for getting a local project onto GitHub: creating an empty remote repository, connecting it with git remote add, pushing your code, and collaborating through pull request...

Building an MCP client in Python is a great way to test MCP servers directly from your terminal. In this video course, you’ll build a minimal MCP client for the command line. It can connect to an MCP server through the standard input/output (stdio) transport, list the server’s capabilities, and inte...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of the video course Testing MCP Servers With a Python MCP Client. By working through it, you’ll revisit how to build a minimal command-line MCP client, connect it to a server through the stdio transport, and use a CLI to list, call, and inspect a server’s...

Python’s experimental JIT compiler has been riding along in CPython’s main branch since Python 3.13. It’s off by default and easy to forget about. In June, the Steering Council decided that the JIT needs a proper standards-track PEP, and it set a six-month clock to make that happen. Otherwise, the J...

How do you avoid the risk of running a Python application locally that could be malicious, break your code, or leak private data? How can you create a sandboxed local environment using WASM and MicroPython? Christopher Trudeau is back on the show this week with another batch of PyCoder's Weekly arti...

In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of the Python Interfaces: Object-Oriented Design Principles video course. By working through this quiz, you’ll revisit how to model interfaces in Python, including informal interfaces and duck typing, custom metaclasses, and formal interfaces built with t...